2/11/2024 0 Comments Colles smith fracture forkAs with all fractures a full history should be taken when you attend accident and emergency or your health care provider. Investigations may include a DEXA scan.Įxamination of a Colles’ fracture should include checking the ulnar styloid (bone in the wrist) for tenderness as well as the radial head.Ī colles fracture normally happens when the wrist is forced backwards due to a fall forwards and a Smith fracture is when you fall backwards onto your palm. It also represents a strong risk for subsquent hip fracture. This can be caused by a pathological reason and if you suffer from a colles fracture with no diagnosed pathology of disease this should also be looked into. The ‘reverse’ of this is called a ‘Smith fracture’. There are different types of fractures that occur in the wrist and different ways in which they should be diagnosed.Ī Colles fracture, the term is broadly used for any fracture of the distal radius, with or without involvement of the ulna, with dorsal (backward) displacement of the fracture fragments. This can be visible depending on the swelling and a simple x-ray should highlight the fractured area.Ĭomminuted fracture’s are multiple fractures and associated tissue damage to a single bone.įractures of the wrist are common, representing about a quarter of all fractures of limbs. A Complicated fracture will also damage tissue near the break.Ī depressed fracture, this is when the bone is forced inwards and occurs in skull fractures. Excessive training can cause such fractures.Ī pathological fracture is one that is caused not by any trauma or impact but instead is caused by underlying diseases such as osteoporosis and other such diseases. If this is not done then further deformity may occur whilst the arm is in plaster.Ī plaster cast is applied (a long arm cast for forearm breaks) and kept on for 4 to 6 weeks.Ĭomplications include deformity in the plaster and nerve damage.Ī stress fracture is quite common in runners as it is caused by repeated stress to the bone. Treatment involves reducing the fracture this is achieved by slow, constant pressure to reduce the deformity, applied over 5 to 7 minutes until the intact dorsal cortex is broken. It commonly occurs in arms/wrists when a child falls on outstretched arms. Greenstick fracture’s are more common in children and are named because the fracture looks similar to a green branch that has tried to be snapped but bends and `splinters’, the bone is distorted. A compound fracture (or open fracture) breaks the skin. Generally these include, simple fractures these do not break the skin and are not easy to visibly diagnose. The cause of a Smith’s fracture is the same as the Colles’ fracture, but it is less common.There are many types of fractures and different ways in which to diagnose and treat them. This fracture is common when the person falls forwards and uses their outstretched hand to cushion the fall, which causes the force to displace and break the head of the radius.Į) Smith’s fracture: A Smith’s fracture is the same as the Colles’ fracture but with ventral displacement of the broken radius head. These two fractures affect the distal radius but cause displacement in two directions ĭ) Colles’ fracture: A Colles’ fracture, also known as a “ dinner fork” or “ bayonet” fracture, occurs when the distal radius is broken with dorsal displacement of the wrist and hand. The most common cause of this fracture is by blunt force trauma caused by lifting the forearm up to protect the head or body in defence from an oncoming attack/striking object. The last three fractures affect the longbones of the forearm, the ulna and radius Ĭ) Parry’s/Monteggia’s fracture: This fracture occurs on the proximal third of the ulna with subluxation of the radius/ulna. An example of this is falling off a bike, as the thumb is extended around the handle bars. This injury is also common when someone punches a hard object, but its most common cause is falling onto the thumb. A Bennett’s fracture is an oblique ( See 1 st blog post for meaning, click here) intra-articular metacarpal fracture caused by an axial force directed against the partially flexed metacarpal. A Boxer’s fracture often happens due to punching an object/person with a closed fist, hence the name ‘Boxer’ being associated to it.ī) Bennett’s fracture: This fracture affects the 1 st metacarpal (thumb) and extends into the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint which is complicated by subluxation (dislocation of a joint). The first two fractures we will look at affect the metacarpal bones Ī) Boxer’s fracture: This fracture occurs due to the axial loading, meaning a force was applied along/parallel to the axis of the bone, on the transverse neck of the 4 th and 5 th metacarpal, secondary to an indirect force. Common ‘Named’ Fractures of the forearms and hands: A) Boxer’s fracture, B) Bennett’s fractures, C) Parry’s or Monteggia’s fracture, D) Colles’ fractures, and E) Smith’s fractures.
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